Get Hands-On: Transform Your Homestead with a DIY Rain Barrel System!

Are you ready to take your homesteading game to the next level? Here at Better Homes and Harvests, we’re passionate about simple, effective projects that boost your self-sufficiency. This week, we’re diving deep into building a DIY Rain Barrel System, a practical project that will dramatically improve your water conservation efforts and reduce your reliance on municipal water sources. Whether you're a seasoned homesteader or just starting your journey, this step-by-step guide will show you exactly how to collect and store rainwater for watering your garden, washing your tools, and other non-potable uses.

Let’s get started! This project is ideal for those with basic carpentry skills, a weekend to spare, and a modest budget of under $100. We’ll cover everything from gathering your materials to troubleshooting common challenges.

The Basics of Rainwater Harvesting

Rainwater harvesting is the practice of collecting rainwater from a surface, such as a roof, and storing it for later use. It's an age-old technique that's experiencing a resurgence as people seek more sustainable and self-sufficient lifestyles. Beyond the environmental benefits, a rain barrel system can save you money on your water bill and provide a readily available water source during dry spells.

This project focuses on a simple, gravity-fed system. We'll be collecting rainwater from your roof's downspout and diverting it into a repurposed barrel. The stored water can then be accessed via a spigot at the bottom of the barrel.

Gathering Your Arsenal: Essential Tools and Materials

Before you begin, gather all the necessary tools and materials to streamline the building process. This will save you time and frustration later.

• Rain Barrel: A food-grade 55-gallon plastic barrel is ideal. Look for used barrels at local breweries, food processing plants, or online marketplaces. Ensure it was previously used for food-safe products. Clean it thoroughly with soap and water, then rinse well with a diluted bleach solution (1 part bleach to 9 parts water) before rinsing again.
  • [Example of barrel source: Check local listings on Craigslist or Facebook Marketplace]
• Downspout Diverter: This device redirects rainwater from your downspout into the barrel. Purchase one designed for rain barrels at your local hardware store or online.
  • [Example: FlexiSpout Downspout Diverter - Available at Home Depot]
• Spigot: A ¾-inch brass spigot is durable and rust-resistant.
• Bulkhead Fitting: A ¾-inch bulkhead fitting connects the spigot to the barrel.
• Drill with Hole Saw Attachment: You'll need a hole saw slightly larger than the diameter of the bulkhead fitting.
• Screening: Hardware cloth or fine mesh netting to cover the inlet and outlet, preventing debris and mosquitoes from entering.
• PVC Pipe and Fittings (optional): To extend the spigot or create an overflow system.
• Sealant: Silicone caulk to create watertight seals around the spigot and bulkhead fitting.
• Level: Ensure your rain barrel is level for optimal water collection.
• Concrete Blocks or Bricks: To elevate the rain barrel for easier access to the spigot and to provide gravity for watering.
• Safety Glasses and Gloves: Protect your eyes and hands during the construction process.

Tip: Call around to local businesses before buying new. Many are happy to give away or sell food-grade barrels for a reduced price!

Laying the Foundation: Building a Solid Framework

Before you start modifying the barrel, prepare the area where it will sit. This ensures proper drainage and accessibility.

1. Choose a Location: Select a spot near a downspout that’s easily accessible to your garden or other intended use area. Make sure the ground is relatively level.
2. Prepare the Base: Place concrete blocks or bricks to create a stable and level base for the rain barrel. The height should allow you to easily place a watering can or bucket under the spigot.
3. Level the Base: Use a level to ensure the blocks are even. Adjust as needed.
4. Consider Overflow: Think about where excess water will go when the barrel is full. It's best to direct overflow away from your home's foundation. You might need to create a small drainage area.

Step-by-Step Instructions: Assembling Your Rain Barrel

Now for the fun part – putting everything together!

1. Drill the Spigot Hole: Using your drill and hole saw attachment, drill a hole near the bottom of the barrel for the spigot. Make sure the hole is clean and free of burrs.

   

2. Install the Bulkhead Fitting: Insert the bulkhead fitting into the hole, ensuring it's properly seated. Tighten the fitting according to the manufacturer's instructions to create a watertight seal.

3. Attach the Spigot: Screw the brass spigot into the bulkhead fitting. Use Teflon tape on the threads to prevent leaks. Tighten securely.

4. Drill the Inlet Hole: Drill a hole in the top of the barrel for the downspout diverter. The size and placement of the hole will depend on the specific diverter you purchased. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions.

   

5. Install the Downspout Diverter: Attach the downspout diverter to the downspout and the rain barrel, following the manufacturer's instructions.

6. Install Screening: Cut a piece of hardware cloth or mesh netting slightly larger than the inlet hole. Secure it over the hole to prevent debris and mosquitoes from entering the barrel. You can use silicone caulk to adhere the screen or secure it with zip ties.

7. (Optional) Create an Overflow Outlet: If desired, drill another hole near the top of the barrel for an overflow outlet. Attach PVC pipe and fittings to direct overflow away from your foundation. Cover the outlet with screening as well.

8. Placement and Final Adjustments: Carefully lift the rain barrel onto the prepared base. Ensure it's stable and level. Make any necessary adjustments to the downspout diverter to ensure proper water flow.

Tips & Tricks for Rain Barrel Success

• Clean Your Gutters Regularly: Keeping your gutters free of leaves and debris will prevent clogs and ensure a steady flow of rainwater into your barrel.
• Winterize Your Rain Barrel: In colder climates, disconnect the downspout diverter and drain the rain barrel before freezing temperatures arrive to prevent damage.
• Elevate for Pressure: The higher the rain barrel, the better the water pressure. Consider a taller base if you need more pressure for watering.
• Use a Soaker Hose: Connect a soaker hose to the spigot for efficient and targeted watering.
• Consider Multiple Barrels: If you have a large roof area, consider installing multiple rain barrels to maximize your water collection capacity.

Troubleshooting Common Rain Barrel Problems

• Leaks: Check all connections and fittings for leaks. Tighten connections or apply more sealant as needed.
• Clogging: Regularly inspect and clean the screening to remove debris.
• Mosquitoes: Ensure the screening is intact and securely fastened to prevent mosquitoes from breeding in the barrel. You can also add mosquito dunks (Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis) to the water, which are safe for plants and animals but kill mosquito larvae.
• Slow Water Flow: Make sure the barrel is elevated enough to provide adequate water pressure. Check the spigot for any obstructions.

Adapting the Project: Customizing Your Rain Barrel System

• Decorative Touches: Paint the barrel with exterior paint to blend in with your surroundings or add a decorative touch to your garden.
• Chain: Replace the downspout diverter with a rain chain for a more visually appealing way to direct water into the barrel.
• Filter: Install a more sophisticated filtration system for cleaner water, especially if you plan to use the water for washing or other uses beyond watering plants (check local regulations).

Safety Precautions

• Never drink the water collected in a rain barrel without proper filtration and disinfection. Rainwater can be contaminated with bacteria, chemicals, and other pollutants.
• Ensure the rain barrel is stable and secure to prevent it from tipping over, especially in windy conditions.
• Be careful when drilling and using power tools. Wear safety glasses and gloves.
• If you are uncomfortable working on your roof or gutters, hire a professional.
• Check your local regulations regarding rainwater harvesting. Some areas may have restrictions or requirements.

Resources

• Your Local Extension Office: Provides valuable information and resources on rainwater harvesting.
• The American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association (ARCSA): A non-profit organization dedicated to promoting rainwater harvesting. (www.arcsa.org)
• Online Forums and Communities: Connect with other homesteaders and DIYers to share tips and ask questions.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You've just completed your DIY Rain Barrel System and taken a major step towards a more self-sufficient and resilient homestead. By collecting rainwater, you're conserving water, saving money, and reducing your environmental impact. We'd love to see your results! Share photos of your completed project in the comments below, along with any tips or modifications you made. What other DIY projects are you tackling this season? Let's inspire each other! (Include social sharing buttons).